Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions leading to optic nerve damage, primarily caused by abnormally high pressure in your eye. Over time, glaucoma can rob you of your peripheral vision without noticeable warning signs. Despite the severity of this condition, many are unaware or uninformed about glaucoma. This lack of knowledge can lead to a late diagnosis, making treatment less effective. So, it's crucial to understand what glaucoma is and how it can affect you.

 

The Importance of Early Detection of Glaucoma

Detecting glaucoma in its early stages is not just beneficial; it's critical. Early detection can slow or even prevent the progression of the disease, preserving your sight.

Research shows that once vision is lost to glaucoma, it cannot be regained. However, with early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and regular follow-ups, it's possible to maintain the remaining vision.

 

What Symptoms to Look Out For

Glaucoma is often called a silent disease because it usually shows no symptoms until significant damage has occurred. But there are subtle signs that can indicate its presence. The symptoms depend on the type and stage of your glaucoma.

The most common type of glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma, is particularly stealthy. It develops slowly over time, and there are no early symptoms. Eventually, though, you'll start losing your peripheral vision. Unfortunately, by the time you notice this, the glaucoma may be quite advanced.

Acute angle-closure glaucoma is a less common type but can be a medical emergency. Its symptoms include a severe headache, eye pain, nausea, rainbows around lights at night, and very blurred vision. If you experience these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.

 

The Role of Regular Eye Exams and Screening

During a comprehensive eye exam, your eye doctor can perform several tests to evaluate your risk of glaucoma or diagnose the disease. These tests may include measuring intraocular pressure, testing for optic nerve damage, checking for areas of vision loss (visual field test), and measuring corneal thickness.

Besides these tests, your eye doctor will also examine your eye's drainage angle and your optic nerve for signs of glaucoma. If these tests reveal abnormal results, your doctor will perform additional tests to confirm a diagnosis of glaucoma.

Regular glaucoma screenings are essential, especially if you're over 40, have a family history of glaucoma, or have high eye pressure. These are key risk factors that increase your chances of developing glaucoma.